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Plain explainers on what a VIN encodes, how Canadian and US recalls differ, the build codes Cardog keys on, and how used-car prices are measured, each linked to the docs.

Canadian vs US recallsWhy one defect can be two recalls, how Transport Canada and NHTSA campaigns differ, and how to check whether a specific vehicle is affected.How prices are measuredAsking price, transaction price and book value measure different things. How listing-based prices work, and how to read a median, a spread and days on market.Squish and nanoTwo short keys cut from a VIN: squish groups one configuration of one model year, nano adds the plant to name one build. What they hold and where Cardog uses them.What a VIN tells youThe 17 characters of a VIN, read position by position: who made the vehicle, what it is, its model year and plant, and what a VIN never tells you.